In this context, the following terms need to be clarified:<\/h4>\n
habituation<\/strong>\u00a0In this context, refers to the animal getting used to the presence of humans. Habituated animals allow humans to get close to them. They have learned that humans are not a threat, but are not aggressive. They do not approach humans on purpose. There is no positive stimulus from humans, the negative stimulus has simply disappeared. Habituated behavior arises through individual learning or is passed on from the parents to the young.<\/p>\n As\u00a0feed conditioning<\/strong>\u00a0is the term used to describe the behavior in which animals associate certain situations with the receipt of food. In the area of conspicuous individuals, this means the association of human facilities with available food. Food-conditioned animals seek out these facilities deliberately, without knowing whether there is food there in this specific case, but because it often is. This is therefore a positive stimulus.<\/p>\n\t Bisherige Erfahrungen mit \u201eProblemb\u00e4ren“ in Europa zeigen, dass erfolgreiches Vergr\u00e4men keine Selbstverst\u00e4ndlichkeit, sondern eher die Ausnahme ist. Daraus lassen sich folgende Empfehlungen ableiten:<\/p>\n Targeted deterrent measures can be measures for herd protection and damage prevention\u00a0not<\/strong>\u00a0replace, only supplement.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n The following measures can drive away predators to the maximum, but do not represent a deterrent measure as described at the beginning. They should also not be installed permanently or unchanged for a long period of time. On the one hand, to prevent predators from becoming accustomed to them and, on the other hand, to avoid making the work of livestock guardian dogs more difficult, if they are present.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t The Fladry is a solid line to which clearly visible red ribbons are attached. These are hung on fences. An alternative to the Fladry is flutter ribbons. 20 to 30 cm long ribbons, preferably a blue and white barrier tape, are attached directly to the fence. The ribbons increase the visibility of the fences. Both methods are only useful for electrified fences, but are not suitable for brown bears!<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t If wolves and lynx are present or have already been killed, flashing lights can be used as a short-term emergency measure on existing, well-electrified fences. Normal construction site lights are not suitable; special lights with random generators and color differences are required to delay the predators from getting used to them. They should not be used continuously for more than three to five days at most. By moving the animals around frequently, the habituation effect can be delayed but not prevented.<\/p>\n\t As part of studies in Norway on the use of livestock guardian dogs, a procedure was tested in which a shepherd with one or two dogs regularly patrolled the area where wolf attacks had occurred.<\/p>\n In this way, losses (attacks, accidents, illnesses) were reduced from 15.5% to 2% to 3%. After the end of the study, the dogs were withdrawn and losses immediately increased again. The main advantage of this method was that it could also be used in unfenced areas and was better suited to Norwegian grazing. The shepherd does not look after the sheep, but only checks that the animals are in good condition, checks the fences where there are any, and pays attention to special features in the area. This checking is generally recommended for the evening and morning hours. Another advantage of this method is that a strong social bond with sheep is not necessary. This means that the dog is easier to keep as a normal family dog all year round.<\/p>\n In den Untersuchungen konnte festgestellt werden, dass ein Hund und ein Sch\u00e4fer ein Gebiet von 10-12 km\u00b2 kontrollieren k\u00f6nnen (15 h Arbeit\/Woche). Bei gr\u00f6\u00dferen Gebieten m\u00fcssen mehr Hunde eingesetzt oder nur die am meisten frequentierten Sektoren kontrolliert werden. Ein vollkommener Schutz ist wie eingangs erw\u00e4hnt nicht m\u00f6glich, aber eine deutliche Reduktion konnte erzielt werden, allerdings nicht zuletzt deshalb, weil vorher die \u00dcbergriffe ebenfalls zahlreich waren.<\/p>\nSources: Vergr\u00e4mungsmassnahmen – Fachstelle Herdenschutz Schweiz (AGRIDEA):\u00a0http:\/\/www.protectiondestroupeaux.ch\/zaeune-weitere-schutzmassnahmen\/weitere-schutzmassnahmen\/vergraemungsmassnahmen<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" MIT KOMPETENZ Allgemein Unter Vergr\u00e4men versteht man eine kurzfristige Abschreckung auff\u00e4lliger Individuen. Gezielte Ma\u00dfnahmen in Kombination mit Elektroz\u00e4unen, k\u00f6nnen bei akuten Vorf\u00e4llen als Erg\u00e4nzung dienen und erreichen allenfalls eine ortsgebundene Verhaltens\u00e4nderung. Konkrete, erlaubte Ma\u00dfnahmen sind bei den zust\u00e4ndigen Beh\u00f6rden abzukl\u00e4ren. Vergr\u00e4mung beruht auf der sogenannten aversiven Konditionierung, welche eine Verkn\u00fcpfung bestimmter Situationen mit negativen Erlebnissen … Read more<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"parent":4677,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5464","page","type-page","status-publish"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/baer-wolf-luchs.at\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5464","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/baer-wolf-luchs.at\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/baer-wolf-luchs.at\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baer-wolf-luchs.at\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baer-wolf-luchs.at\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5464"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/baer-wolf-luchs.at\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5464\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baer-wolf-luchs.at\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4677"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/baer-wolf-luchs.at\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5464"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}There is still little experience in scaring away conspicuous wolves.<\/h4>\n
\n
\n\t\tSupplementary measures for technical herd protection\n\t<\/h3>\n\t
![\"Flatter120_3181299_post-1024x764\"](\"https:\/\/baer-wolf-luchs.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Flatter120_3181299_post-1024x764-1.jpg\" "\\"Flutter120_3181299_post-1024x764\\"")
\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\tstreamers and fladry<\/h3>\n
![\"Foxlight_4210088-1-1024x768\"](\"https:\/\/baer-wolf-luchs.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Foxlight_4210088-1-1024x768-1.jpg\" "\\"Foxlight_4210088-1-1024x768\\"")
\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\tBlinklampen – Foxlights<\/h3>\n
area controls with dogs<\/h3>\n
\nHansen, I. (2005): Use of Livestock Guarding Dogs in Norway – a Review of the Effectiveness of Different Methods. In: Carnivore Damage Prevention News 8: 2-8.\nWalther, R. & Franke, H. (2014): Erprobung und Bewertung von Schutzma\u00dfnahmen f\u00fcr Nutztiere vor dem Wolf, insbesondere der Einsatz von Herdenschutzhunden und Elektronetzen. Schriftenreihe des LfULG 16\/2014, S\u00e4chsisches Landesamt f\u00fcr Umwelt, Landwirtschaft und Geologie (LfULG), Pillnitzer Platz 3, 01326 Dresden, Deutschland.
\nhttps:\/\/publikationen.sachsen.de\/bdb\/artikel\/22053\/documents\/30077<\/a>\n